LIGHT RAY TRAVELS FROM A DENSER MEDIUM TO RARER MEDIUM WORKING MODEL
SCIENCE LAB EQUIPMENT WORKING MODEL/ SCIENCE EXHIBITION WORKING MODEL
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LIGHT RAY TRAVELS FROM A DENSER MEDIUM TO RARER MEDIUM
When a light ray travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium, such as from glass to air, it undergoes two important changes:
1. Refraction: The light ray changes its direction as it passes from one medium to another. This change in direction is due to the difference in the speed of light in the two mediums. When light travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it bends away from the normal (an imaginary line perpendicular to the interface between the two mediums). This bending is known as refraction.
2. Speed change: The speed of light decreases when it travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium. This is because light travels slower in denser mediums due to more collisions with atoms and molecules.
These two changes in the path of the light ray are explained by Snell’s law, which states that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is equal to the ratio of the speeds of light in the two mediums.
Understanding how light behaves when it moves from one medium to another is important in various fields of science, including optics, physics, and engineering. This knowledge helps in designing lenses, prisms, and other optical devices, as well as in understanding the behavior of light in phenomena such as rainbows and mirages.
- Change in Speed: Light travels at different speeds in different media. Generally, light travels slower in denser media and faster in rarer media.
- Bending of Light: As the light ray enters the rarer (less dense) medium, it speeds up. This change in speed causes the light ray to bend away from the normal (an imaginary line perpendicular to the boundary between the two media).
- Angle of Incidence and Refraction: The angle at which the light ray strikes the boundary between the two media is called the angle of incidence. The angle between the refracted ray and the normal is called the angle of refraction.
- Refraction Law: Refraction obeys Snell’s Law, which states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is equal to the ratio of the velocities (or indices of refraction) in the two media. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
sin�1sin�2=�1�2=�2�1
where �1 and �2 are the angles of incidence and refraction, �1 and �2 are the velocities of light in the two media, and �1 and �2 are the refractive indices of the two media.
- Critical Angle: If the angle of incidence is increased beyond a certain critical angle, the refracted ray will bend along the boundary between the two media. This phenomenon is known as total internal reflection.
In summary, when a light ray travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it speeds up and bends away from the normal. This bending of light is known as refraction, and it follows Snell’s Law.
| Weight | 0.5 kg |
|---|---|
| Dimensions | 25 × 25 × 5 cm |
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LIGHT RAY TRAVELS FROM A DENSER MEDIUM TO RARER MEDIUM WORKING MODEL
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