BASIC ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ( THREE CASES) WORKING MODEL

Absolutely, here are three basic electric circuit setups

1. **Simple Series Circuit with Bulb:**
– Components Required:
– Battery (1.5V AA battery)
– Bulb (1.5V bulb)
– Connecting wires
– Assembly:
– Connect one terminal of the battery to one terminal of the bulb using a wire.
– Connect the other terminal of the bulb to the other terminal of the battery using another wire.
– Explanation:
– In a series circuit, the components are connected in a single path.
– The current flows through each component in the circuit.
– When the circuit is complete, the bulb should light up, indicating the flow of electric current.

2. **Parallel Circuit with Two Bulbs:**
– Components Required:
– Battery (1.5V AA battery)
– Two Bulbs (1.5V bulbs)
– Connecting wires
– Assembly:
– Connect one terminal of the battery to one terminal of each bulb using separate wires.
– Connect the other terminal of both bulbs to the other terminal of the battery using separate wires.
– Explanation:
– In a parallel circuit, the components are connected in multiple paths.
– Each component has its own separate path for current to flow.
– Both bulbs should light up independently, demonstrating that they receive the same voltage from the battery.

3. **Series-Parallel Combination Circuit with Switch:**
– Components Required:
– Battery (1.5V AA battery)
– Two Bulbs (1.5V bulbs)
– Switch
– Connecting wires
– Assembly:
– Connect one terminal of the battery to one terminal of the first bulb.
– Connect the other terminal of the first bulb to one terminal of the switch.
– Connect the other terminal of the switch to one terminal of the second bulb.
– Connect the other terminal of the second bulb to the other terminal of the battery.
– Explanation:
– This circuit combines aspects of both series and parallel circuits.
– The bulbs are connected in series with each other, but this series combination is connected in parallel with the switch.
– Students can observe the effect of opening and closing the switch on the brightness of the bulbs.

These circuit setups provide hands-on learning opportunities for students to understand the basic principles of series circuits, parallel circuits, and series-parallel combination circuits. They help students grasp fundamental concepts in electricity and circuitry in an engaging manner.

1. Simple Series Circuit:

Components:

• Battery (Power source)
• Resistor
• Connecting wires

Working:

1. Connect one end of the resistor to the positive terminal of the battery and the other end to the negative terminal, forming a series connection.
2. When the circuit is complete, current flows from the positive terminal of the battery, through the resistor, and back to the negative terminal.
3. The resistor limits the flow of current in the circuit, converting electrical energy into heat.

2. Parallel Circuit:

Components:

• Battery (Power source)
• Two or more resistors
• Connecting wires

Working:

1. Connect one end of each resistor to the positive terminal of the battery and the other end to the negative terminal, forming parallel connections.
2. Each resistor provides a separate path for current to flow from the positive terminal of the battery to the negative terminal.
3. The total current flowing through the circuit is divided among the parallel resistors based on their individual resistances.

3. Series-Parallel Circuit:

Components:

• Battery (Power source)
• Combination of series and parallel connected resistors
• Connecting wires

Working:

1. Combine resistors in both series and parallel connections within the circuit.
2. Series-connected resistors offer a single path for current flow, while parallel-connected resistors offer multiple paths.
3. The total resistance of the series-parallel circuit is calculated based on the combination of resistors connected in series and parallel.
4. Current flows from the positive terminal of the battery, through the series and parallel resistors, and back to the negative terminal.

These basic electric circuit configurations illustrate different arrangements of components and how they affect the flow of current in a circuit. They serve as fundamental building blocks for understanding more complex electrical systems.